Software Version: Compaq Fortran Version 5.4A

Note: Compaq Fortran Version 5.4A is an update to certain Compaq Fortran 5.4 software components and contains no new features. The Compaq Fortran documentation for Version 5.4A and 5.4 are the same (except for the release notes and this online documentation overview). For additional information, see the online release notes.

Compaq Computer Corporation
Houston, Texas

Compaq shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein. The information in this document is provided "as is" without warranty of any kind and is subject to change without notice. The warranties for Compaq products are set forth in the express limited warranty statements accompanying such products. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty.

Compaq® Fortran is a multiplatform product available on the following platforms (operating system/processor architecture pairs):

Product Terminology

The previous DIGITAL® Fortran 77 and DIGITAL Fortran 90 products are now combined into a single product called Compaq Fortran.

This document uses the following product name terminology:

• Compaq Fortran 95/90 was previously called DIGITAL Fortran 90.
• Compaq Fortran 77 was previously called DIGITAL Fortran 77 or DEC Fortran.
• Compaq Fortran refers to the combined packaging of the Compaq Fortran 95/90 and Compaq Fortran 77 products. Compaq Fortran 95/90 and Compaq Fortran 77 version numbers are now the same. Compaq Fortran also refers to the Compaq Fortran 95/90 language, unless a specific reference to Compaq Fortran 95/90 or Compaq Fortran 77 is needed to distinguish between the two software products.
  Both Compaq Fortran compilers recognize the Product Authorization Key (PAK) for either Compaq Fortran 95/90 or Compaq Fortran 77. For example, if you have a Compaq Fortran 77 PAK, you can begin using the Compaq Fortran 95/90 compiler (f90 command).

Compaq Fortran and CXML Web Pages

The Compaq Fortran home page provides a wealth of information about Compaq Fortran products and updates on all platforms. You can access this page by using a Web browser to open the following Internet URL:

http://www.compaq.com/fortran

You can access the Compaq Extended Math Library (CXML) Web page by opening the following Internet URL:

http://www.compaq.com/math

Contents of this Chapter:

• Online files and CD-ROM sets (see Section 1.1)
• Online documentation on the Software Product Library CD-ROM Set (see Section 1.2)
• Online release notes, reference pages, and help file (see Section 1.3)
• The Compaq Fortran 95/90 documentation set (see Section 1.4)
• The Compaq Fortran 77 documentation set (see Section 1.5)
• Ordering printed documentation (see Section 1.6)
• Documentation corrections (see Section 1.7)
• Using Internet mail for documentation feedback (see Section 1.8)

The Compaq Fortran documentation is available online on the two types of CD-ROM distribution devices:

• The Compaq Tru64 UNIX (formerly DIGITAL UNIX) Software Product Library (media) CD-ROM set contains the kit subsets and related documentation in ASCII and PostScript® form for Compaq Fortran and other layered products. This is usually called the media CD-ROM. (You can now obtain the Compaq Fortran product on an individual product media CD-ROM.)
• The Compaq Tru64 UNIX Online Documentation Library CD-ROM set contains files in HTML and other formats for Compaq Fortran and various forms for other layered products.

Certain Compaq Fortran documentation is available online in ASCII and PostScript form on the Software Product Library media CD-ROM device. These documents apply to both Compaq Fortran 95/90 and Compaq Fortran 77 and includes the Compaq Fortran:

• Installation guide
• Cover (read first) letter
• Software Product Description (SPD)

The Online Documentation Library CD-ROM you are now using includes:

• The Compaq Fortran 95/90 documentation, provided in HTML form.
• The Compaq Fortran 77 documentation, provided in Bookreader and/or HTML form.
• The common installation guide, provided in HTML and Acrobat (PDF) form.

The Software Product Library CD-ROM (media CD-ROM) set provides the following files:

• Compaq Fortran installation kit subset files
• Compaq Fortran documentation files, including a "read first" cover letter, the installation guide, and other documentation files
• Online CD-ROM documentation files in the /readme directory on the first media CD-ROM, including a CD-ROM user guide and master list of CD products
• A cdmenu utility

To determine whether the appropriate media CD-ROM is already mounted on your system, contact the appropriate system manager.

To obtain the location of the Compaq Fortran documentation and kit directory on the appropriate media CD-ROM, do one of the following:

• Use the cdmenu utility provided on the media CD-ROM
• View the CD master index file on the media CD-ROM

For information about using the cdmenu utility and the files on the media CD-ROM, see the online Software Product Library CD-ROM documentation, which are provided as online files in the /readme directory on the first media CD-ROM.

For installation instructions, see the Compaq Fortran installation guide.

1.3 Online Release Notes, Reference Pages, and Help File

Compaq Fortran provides the following online information, which is copied to the user's system during installation:

• The Compaq Fortran 95/90 and Compaq Fortran 77 online release notes
  These provide more information on this version of Compaq Fortran.
  You can view the Compaq Fortran 95/90 or Compaq Fortran 77 release notes before installing Compaq Fortran once the media CD-ROM has been mounted locally. You can also select just the release notes subset using setld , allowing you to view or print the release notes before installation.
  After installation, the Compaq Fortran 95/90 online release notes are copied to:

  /usr/lib/cmplrs/fort90/relnotes90

  
  The Compaq Fortran 95/90 online release notes are also on the Online Documentation Library CD-ROM in HTML form.
  After installation, the Compaq Fortran 77 online release notes are copied to:

  /usr/lib/cmplrs/fort/relnotes

• Compaq Fortran online reference pages
  These describe the Compaq Fortran software components, including:
  • f90(1) (Compaq Fortran 95/90 compile and link command)
  • fsplit(1) and fpr(1) (Fortran tools)
  • intro(3f) and numerous section 3f reference pages (for the 3f language interface routines) listed in intro(3f)
  • intro(3hpf) and Section 3hpf reference pages (for the Compaq Fortran 90 3hpf routines) listed in intro(3hpf)
  • f77(1) (Compaq Fortran 77 compile and link command)
  • cxml(3) and cxmlp(3) and numerous cxml and cxmlp reference pages
  
  Use the man command to read the appropriate reference page.
  To invoke the Compaq Fortran 77 compiler, use the f77 -old_f77 command
• The Compaq Fortran help files
  Two separate online ASCII files provide Compaq Fortran 95/90 and 77 online help. These files include error message descriptions, a summary of the language elements (statements, intrinsic functions, and so on), a glossary, and other information.
  The Compaq Fortran 95/90 help file is located at:

  /usr/lib/cmplrs/fort90/decfortran90.hlp

  
  The Compaq Fortran 77 help file is located at:

  /usr/lib/cmplrs/fort/decfortran.hlp

  
  Use the more command or the view command to access the information available in these ASCII files. These help files are large and are not usually printed on a printer or read sequentially. For example, to view the Compaq Fortran 95/90 help file using the more command, type:

  more /usr/lib/cmplrs/fort90/decfortran90.hlp

Depending on how you order the final product, you may receive printed copies of the following Compaq Fortran 95/90 manuals:

• Compaq Fortran Language Reference Manual (AA--Q66SD--TK)
  This multiplatform document was revised for Version 5.3 (September 1999 appears on the inside title page).
  Describes the Compaq Fortran source language for reference purposes, including the format and use of statements, intrinsic procedures, and other language elements. Language differences among various Compaq Fortran platforms are also identified. It also provides an overview of new Fortran 95/90 features (not available in FORTRAN-77).
  It identifies extensions to the Fortran 95 standard by blue-green color in the printed document and HTML files.
  This document is on the Online Documentation Library CD-ROM in HTML form.
  
  
• Compaq Fortran User Manual for Tru64 UNIX and Linux Alpha Systems (AA--Q66TD--TE)
  Last revised for Version 5.3 (December 1999 appears on the inside title page).
  Describes the Compaq Fortran program development and run-time environment on Compaq Tru64 UNIX and Linux Alpha systems, including:
  • Compiling, linking, running, and debugging Compaq Fortran programs
  • Comprehensive run-time performance guidelines
  • Using OpenMP^TM and Compaq Fortran parallel directed decomposition directives
  • Compaq Fortran 95/90 I/O on UNIX systems
  • Run-time error-handling support and run-time messages
  • Native data type characteristics
  • Converting unformatted files in nonnative numeric formats
  • Calling other procedures and library routines (language interface)
  • Section 3f language interface (jacket) routines
  • Compatibility with Compaq Fortran 77 and Compaq Fortran 95/90 on other Compaq Fortran platforms
  • Reference information on the OpenMP and Compaq Fortran 95/90 parallel directives and library routines
  
  This manual provides information common to Compaq Fortran and the Compaq Parallel Software Environment.
  This document is on the Online Documentation Library CD-ROM in HTML form.
  
  
• Compaq Fortran Installation Guide for Tru64 UNIX Systems (AA--PW82G--TE)
  Revised for Version 5.4 (January 2001 appears on the inside title page).
  Explains how to install Compaq Fortran (Compaq Fortran 95/90 and Compaq Fortran 77) on Compaq Tru64 UNIX Alpha systems, including registering a license PAK (product authorization key), disk space and other prerequisites, and information about the Compaq Fortran run-time library and message file.
  This installation guide is provided in PostScript form (.ps file suffix) and in plain ASCII form (.txt suffix) on the media CD-ROM; it is also provided in HTML form and Adobe Acrobat (PDF) form on the Online Documentation Library CD-ROM.
  
  
• Compaq Extended Math Library Documentation
  Describes the Compaq Extended Math Library (CXML, formerly DIGITAL Extended Math Library or DXML), a collection of high-performance subprograms that perform different types of mathematical operations, including:
  • Matrix computations
  • Signal processing code
  • Code to solve sparse linear systems using direct and iterative methods
  
  The CXML online documentation is included on the Online Documentation Library CD-ROM under Compaq Fortran 95/90 and is also provided in PDF form.
  
  
• Read Before Installing or Using Compaq Fortran Version 5.n for Compaq Tru64 UNIX Systems (cover letter) (AV--PW83N--TE for Version 5.4)
  Revised for Version 5.4.
  Provides the new features of this version of Compaq Fortran, the minimum operating system version, and other information. The letter contains installation information and should be read before installing Compaq Fortran.
  This cover letter is provided in PostScript form (.ps file suffix) and in plain ASCII form (.txt suffix) on the Software Product Library media CD-ROM set. The printed cover letter is available only with the printed documentation kit--it is not individually orderable.

The Compaq Fortran 95/90 online release notes are also on the Online Documentation Library CD-ROM in HTML form.

You can order these documents in printed form from Compaq as an entire kit or individually (except for the cover letter).

Online help files are provided (see Section 1.3).

1.5 Summary of the Compaq Fortran 77 Documentation Set

Depending on how you order the final product, you may receive printed copies of the following Compaq Fortran 77 manuals:

• DEC Fortran Language Reference Manual (AA--PU45B--TK)
  Last revised for Version 3.7 (February 1995 appears on the inside title page).
  Describes the Compaq Fortran 77 source language for reference purposes, including the format of statements, intrinsic functions, directives, and other language elements. Extensions to the ANSI FORTRAN-77 standard are identified by blue-green color in the printed document and by shading in Bookreader. Language differences among various Compaq Fortran 77 platforms are also identified.
  In the Bookreader text window, use the View menu item Extensions to control whether extensions are displayed (as shading) or not displayed. When using Bookreader Version 4.0, note that the shading of extensions may be inaccurate.
  This document is provided in Bookreader and HTML form on the Online Documentation Library CD-ROM under Compaq Fortran 77.
  
  
• DEC Fortran User Manual for DEC OSF/1 AXP Systems (AA--PW81B--TK)
  Last revised for Version 3.5 (September 1994 appears on the inside title page).
  Describes the development and run-time environment on Compaq Tru64 UNIX Alpha systems, including:
  • Compiling, linking, running, and debugging Compaq Fortran programs
  • Comprehensive run-time performance guidelines
  • Native data characteristics
  • Converting unformatted files in nonnative numeric formats
  • Compaq Fortran I/O
  • The language interface with C
  • Error handling and run-time messages
  • Native data characteristics
  • Section 3f language interface (jacket) routines
  • Compatibility with Compaq Fortran 77 products on other Compaq platforms and FORTRAN IV)
  
  This document is provided in Bookreader form on the Online Documentation Library CD-ROM under Compaq Fortran 77.
  
  
• Compaq Fortran Installation Guide for Tru64 UNIX Systems (AA--PW82G--TE)
  Revised for Version 5.4 (January 2001 appears on the inside title page).
  Explains how to install Compaq Fortran on Compaq Tru64 UNIX Alpha systems, including registering a license PAK (product authorization key), disk space and other prerequisites, and information about the Compaq Fortran run-time library and message file.
  This installation guide is provided in PostScript form (.ps file suffix) and in plain ASCII form (.txt suffix) on the media CD-ROM; it is also provided in HTML and PDF form on the Online Documentation Library CD-ROM.
  
  
• Compaq Extended Math Library Documentation
  Describes the Compaq Extended Math Library (CXML, formerly DIGITAL Extended Math Library or DXML), a collection of high-performance subprograms that perform different types of mathematical operations, including:
  • Matrix computations
  • Signal processing code
  • Code to solve sparse linear systems using direct and iterative methods
  
  The CXML online documentation is included on the Online Documentation Library CD-ROM under Compaq Fortran 95/90.
  
  
• Read Before Installing or Using Compaq Fortran Version 5.n for Compaq Tru64 UNIX Systems (cover letter) AV--PW83N--TE for Version 5.4)
  Last revised for Version 5.4.
  Provides the new features of this version of Compaq Fortran, the minimum operating system version, and other information. The letter contains installation information and should be read before installing Compaq Fortran.
  This cover letter is provided in PostScript form (.ps file suffix) and in plain ASCII form (.txt suffix) on the Software Product Library media CD-ROM set. The printed cover letter is available only with the printed documentation kit--it is not individually orderable.

You can order these documents in printed form from Compaq as an entire kit or individually (except for the cover letter).

Online help files are provided (see Section 1.3).

1.6 Ordering Printed Documentation

To order the complete printed Compaq Fortran 95/90 for Compaq Tru64 UNIX Systems documentation set from Compaq, specify the order number QA-MV2AA-GZ. The individual Compaq Fortran 95/90 documents are listed in Section 1.4.

The Compaq Extended Math Library Reference Guide is no longer included in the Compaq Fortran 95/90 printed documentation set.

To order the complete printed Compaq Fortran 77 for Compaq Tru64 UNIX Systems documentation set from Compaq, specify the order number QA-MV2AB-GZ. The individual Compaq Fortran 77 documents are listed in Section 1.5.

To order printed documentation from Compaq, use these guidelines:

• In the U.S.A., phone 1-800-344-4825
• In other countries, contact your local Compaq Subsidiary or reseller.

For the Compaq Fortran 90 documentation, any corrections are listed in the Compaq Fortran 90 online release notes.

For Compaq Fortran 77:

• In the DEC Fortran Language Reference Manual revised for Version 3.7, there are no known corrections and additions.
• In the DEC Fortran User Manual for DEC OSF/1 AXP Systems, note the following corrections and additions:
  • The Fortran preprocessor environment variable DECFORT_FPP description is inaccurate.
    The environment variable DECFORT_FPP applies only to Fortran files (not C language files). If DECFORT_FPP is set to any value, that value must be a pathname and file name of a preprocessor to be invoked instead of cpp or fpp . The DECFORT_FPP environment variable identifies the preprocessor to be invoked if the command line requests that a preprocessor be used. Setting DECFORT_FPP to a value does not invoke a preprocessor; it is only used when the command line requests a preprocessor ( cpp or fpp ).
    For those cases where the C preprocessor cpp would have been invoked for Fortran files, if you specify the f77 flag -fpp , the Fortran preprocessor fpp is invoked instead of cpp .
  • New command-line options and language features added to DEC Fortran since Version 3.5 are not described. These new features are described in the online release notes and f77(1).

Compaq welcomes your comments on any Compaq Fortran manual or online information. You can send comments to Compaq by Internet e-mail to:

fortran@compaq.com

For the latest product information, please see the Compaq Fortran Web page (see Compaq Fortran and CXML Web Pages at beginning of this chapter).