This figure shows the causes of data failures using a hierarchical stack of seven boxes on three levels. Centered at the top of the figure is a box labelled "System Downtime." This box is connected to two more boxes on the second (lower) level labelled "Unplanned Downtime" to the left, and "Planned Downtime" to the right. The "Planned Downtime" box is connected to two boxes on the third level labelled "Data Changes" and "System Changes."

The "Unplanned Downtime" box is connected to two more boxes on the third level, labelled "Computer Failures" and "Data Failures." The Data Failures box is the focus of this graphic and of the surrounding text. In the graphic, all of the boxes are unshaded except for the "Data Failures" box and the four boxes that hang off of the Data Failures box: Storage Failure, Human error, Corruption, and Site failure.

End of figure description.